piątek, 4 maja 2018

Tolkiens poor or rich? (UK Land Tax Redemption, 1796-1822)

I have decided that it is time to compare the incomes and taxes of two London Brothers, John Benjamin Tolkien (1752–1819) and Daniel Gottlieb Tolkien (1746–1813). I have used the data from the UK Land Tax Redemption published on Ancestry.co.uk where we can read: "The land tax was introduced in England in 1692 as a means for raising government revenue and was not done away with until 1963. Land tax records are of value to genealogists because they often list both property owners (proprietors) and tenants, placing them in both a parish and a year":

1804 and some financial problems of John Benjamin Tolkien?
 
John Benjamin Tolkien, 77 White Lion Street, Pentonville
(14th house from the beginning of the street)

1796, rent 14 pounds
1797, rent 14 pounds | 11 8
1798, rent 14 pounds | 10 s., 6 d.
1799, rent 14 pounds
1800, rent 14 pounds
1801, rent 14 pounds | sum assessed 12 shillings 10 pence
1802, rent 14 pounds
1803, rent 14 pounds
1804, rent not paid | sum assessed & exonerated 7 shillings 6 pence 
[from 1804 he is the only person on this street who has a sum exonerated]
1805, rent 18 pounds | sum assessed & exonerated 7 shillings 6 pence
1806, rent 18 pounds | sum assessed & exonerated 7 shillings 6 pence
1807, rent 18 pounds | sum assessed & exonerated 7 shillings 6 pence
1808, rent 10 pounds | sum assessed & exonerated 7 shillings 6 pence
1809, rent 10 pounds | sum assessed & exonerated 7 shillings 6 pence  
1810, rent 18 pounds | sum assessed & exonerated 7 shillings 6 pence
1811, rent 18 pounds | sum assessed & exonerated 7 shillings 6 pence | 10 s. 6 d.
1812, rent 18 pounds | sum assessed & exonerated 7 s. 6 d.
1813, rent 24 pounds | sum assessed & exonerated 7 s. 6 d.
1814, rent 24 pounds | sum assessed & exonerated 7 s. 6 d.
1815, rent 24 pounds | sum assessed & exonerated 7 s. 6 d.
1816, rent 24 pounds | sum assessed & exonerated 7 s. 6 d. 

From c. 1818 it was George Tolkien who was main proprietor of the house:

1818, rent 24 pounds | sum assessed & exonerated 7 s. 6 d.
1819, rent 24 pounds | sum assessed & exonerated 7 s. 6 d.

And c. 1822 George Tolkien moved to 8 High Street, Islington:

1822, rent 55 pounds | sum assessed & not exonerated 1 p. 2 s. 6 d.

145 St John Street, Clerkenwell
proprietor Maitland, occupier George Tolkien 
1809, rent 20 p. | sum assessed & exonerated 3 p. 10 s.
1810, rent 20 p. | sum assessed & exonerated 3 p. 10 s.
1812, rent 20 p. | sum assessed & exonerated 3 p. 10 s.
1813, rent 8 p. | sum assessed & exonerated 1 p. 8 s.

1820, rent 40 p. | 18 s. 40 d.

49 St John Street, Clerkenwell
proprietor George Beaumont, occupier Gravell & Tolkien
1805, rent 20 p. | sum assessed & exonerated 3 p. 10 s.
1809, rent 20 p. | sum assessed & exonerated 3 p. 10 s.
1810, rent 20 p. | sum assessed & exonerated 3 p. 10 s.

3 St Paul's Church Yard (about 15 neighbours):

1812, rent 80 | land tax 11 pounds 13 shillings 4 pence
1813, rent 80 | land tax 11 pounds 13 shillings 4 pence

His neighbours at 77 White Lion Street, Pentonville:

1796: Henry Cook (No. 76, 13th house), Henry Westwood (No. 78, 15th house)
1797: Henry Cook (No. 76, 13th house), Henry Westwood (No. 78, 15th house) 
1798: Henry Cook (No. 76, 13th house), George Wigzel (No. 78, 15th house)
1811, 1815: William Hastings, Elisabeth Higgins
______________

Daniel Gottlieb Tolkien, 60 Cheapside, City of London

1794, rent 168 pounds| Landlords 31 s. 18 d.
1795, rent 168 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 28 p. 11 s.
1796, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 21 p.
1797, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 18 p.4 s.
1798, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 22 p. 8 s.
1799, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 22 p. 8 s.
1800, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 22 p. 8 s.
1802, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 21 p. 5 s. 8 d.
1803, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 21 p. 5 s. 8 d.
1804, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 21 p. 5 s. 8 d.
1805, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 17 p. 10 s.
1806, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 24 p. 10 s.
1807, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 24 p. 10 s.
1808, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 21 p.
1809, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 21 p.
1810, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 17 p. 10 s.
1811, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 17 p. 10 s.

Daniel George Tolkien

1815, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 21 p.

Maria Tolkien 

1816, rent 140 pounds | Personals 5 s. | Landlords 21 p.

Daniel Tolkien was also a proprietor of 27 Bedford Street, Westminster

1801, rent 50 pounds | 7 p. 10 s.
1803, rent 50 pounds | 7 p. 10 s.
1805, rent 50 pounds | 7 p. 1 s. 8 d.
1806, rent 50 pounds | 7 p. 1 s. 8 d.
1807, rent 50 pounds | 12 p.

Pentonville of the Tolkiens

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